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江苏省扬州市2013年初中毕业、升学统一考试语文试题
一、积累运用
1、下面这段话中，加点字的注音完全正确的一组是（2分）
"扬州八怪"，弃繁冗①（long），就简纯，辟②(pì)气象：郑燮《竹石图》，疏密有致，颇堪③(kān)珍赏；金农《墨竹图》，以书法入画，雅趣横④(hěng)生；李鳝《竹笋图》，笔法纯熟，生意盎⑤(yàng)然这与当时风靡⑥(mí)艺坛却有恹恹⑦(yàn)无生气的画风形成鲜明对比，奏响了波澜⑧（lán）壮阔的中国画复兴的序曲。
A.①②⑤B.③④⑦C.①⑥⑧D.②③⑧
2.下列各句中，加点的词语使用正确的一项是（2分）
A.质量监管人员的火眼金睛，总能让刻意伪装的假冒产品一下子现出原形。
B.《林肯》《中国合伙人》等国内外优秀影片陆续上映，真是你方唱罢我登场。
C.日本某些政客，就侵略历史推陈出新大做文章，严重伤害了亚洲人民的感情。
D.拜仁队击败多特蒙德队夺得欧冠冠军，消息立刻被拜仁球迷传的满城风雨。
3.下列各句中，标点符号使用全部正确的一项是（2分）
A.读了"钢铁是怎样炼成的"，我感受到人生使命是那样庄重儿迫切。
B.孟子说："斧斤以时入山林"。就是说，伐木要择时，不能滥砍、滥伐。
C.家园--这个饱含深情的温暖词汇，其基础全在于良好的人际关系。
D.很多东西溢满了我的心：草木、鸟兽、云彩等┄┄，成为内心的永恒。
4.下列各句中，没有语病的一项是（2分）
A.又到酷暑时节，学校再次发出不要到陌生水域游泳，更不要独自一人去游泳。
B.好读书，读好书，形成了习惯，你就可以与智慧结伴而行，与高尚朝夕相处。
C.一个人能否约束自己的言行，不但要靠严明的纪律，还要靠自己的品德修养。
D.即使每天锻炼一小时，健康快乐才能伴你一辈子，因为好体魄是成功的前提。
5.下列关于文学作品内容及常识的表述，不完全正确的一项是（3分）
A.鲁迅的作品，语言有的凝重，有的泼辣，有的清新；主题通常都是深刻的，如《孔乙己》《故乡》等小说，将悲悯的目光投向了底层的苦人儿。
B.文学关注人性。《威尼斯商人》揭示了夏洛克的冷酷无情，《热爱生命》讴歌了淘金者顽强的开拓进取精神，《汤姆索亚历险记》赞美了儿童的天真纯朴。
C.苏轼是北宋词坛"豪放派"的代表人物，写了许多气势磅礴的词，也写了不少风格清新的词，如《浣溪沙山下兰芽短浸溪》，描绘雨后清新美景，寄寓人生哲思。
D.童话虽然大多篇幅短小，但并不妨碍其思想的厚重，比如俄国文豪托尔斯泰的《七颗钻石》，就表现出一种博大的爱的情怀。
6.根据拼音写汉字。（用正楷依次写在田字格内，4分）
文化的熏陶，积diàn，使得瘦西湖活在了一代代人的心里，每个人的脑海中都闪现着她guī丽的波光，她是一个优雅的qiàn影，一首w?n约的诗，一片如烟如梦的月色。
7.默写。（每空1分，共9分）
（1）采菊东篱下，__________。（陶渊明《饮酒》）
（2）____________，风正一帆悬。（王湾《次北固山下》）
（3）大漠孤烟直，____________。（王维《使至塞上》）
（4）___________，禅房花木深。（《常建《题破山寺后禅院》》
（5）无可奈何花落去，_____________。（晏殊《浣溪沙》）
（6）__________________，地利不如人和。（《孟子》）
（7）黑发不知勤学早，__________________。（颜真卿《劝学》》
（8）仰望夜空中高悬的明月，轻声吟出"_________________，__________________"，为远方的亲人祝福，那一刻，你不再孤独。（用苏轼《水调歌头明月几时有》中的名句填写）
8.语文实践活动。（9分）
【活动一】品味名着。（4分）
①学者胡适说："《西游记》能使人开口一笑，这一笑就把那神话'人化'过了。"
参照示例，再举一个神仙妖魔也有人性的例子。（2分）
示例：孙悟空骄傲自大，你看，他常常吹嘘自己。
②"你的皇帝姓宋，我的哥哥也姓宋。你做得皇帝，偏我哥哥做不得皇帝？你莫要来恼犯着黑爹爹，好歹把你那写诏的官员都杀了！"
说这话的是谁？由这句话可以看出他具有什么性格特点？（2分）
姓名（或绰号）：______________性格特点：_________________
【活动二】毕业晚会上，小刚同学准备献唱《朋友，别哭》，可当音乐响起时，他却紧张的忘了词、如果你是主持人，会说什么为他解围？（3分）
你说："______________________________。"
【活动三】请在空格处补全标题。（2分）
3D打印技术飞速发展。美国科学家利用3D打印机直接打印出一副塑料机械臂，使一位两岁小女孩的残疾手臂能够正常活动。不久前，美国一名25岁的大学生运用3D打印技术制造出有杀伤性的手枪，美国政府计划新建多个专为军方服务的3D打印研究中心，引起了民众的担忧。
二、阅读理解（54分）
（一）阅读诗歌，完成第9题。（6分）
村夜白居易
霜草苍苍虫切切，村南村北行人绝。
独出前门望野田，月明荞麦花如雪。
9.（1）首句中运用了叠词"苍苍""切切"，好在那里？（3分）
（2）请描绘"月明荞麦花如雪"的景象，并指出这句蕴含了诗人的什么感情。（3分）
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（二）阅读文言文，完成10-13题。（15题）
书谢御史【清】吴敏树
谢御史者，吾楚湘乡谢芗泉先生也。当乾隆末，宰相和|用事，权焰张。有宠奴常乘和车以出，人避之，莫敢诘。先生为御史，巡城遇之，怒，命卒鱿屡字Ｅ唬"敢笞我！我乘我主车，汝敢笞我！"先生益大怒，痛笞奴，遂焚烧其车。曰："此车岂复堪宰相坐耶！"九衢中，人聚观，欢呼曰："此真好御史矣！"和|恨之，假他事削其籍以归。先生文章名一时，喜山水，乃遍游江浙，所至，人士争奉筇屐迎。饮酒赋诗，名益高，天下之人，皆传称"烧车御史"。和|诛，复官部郎以卒。
【注】九衢（qú）：四通八达的道路。筇（qiǒng）：竹杖。屐：登山用的鞋。
10.解释下列句中加点的实词。（4分）
（1）莫敢诘（2）命卒曳下奴
（3）汝敢笞我！（4）假他事削其籍以归
11.下列加点词的意义和用法相同的一组是（2分）
A.有宠奴常乘和车以出卷石底以处（《小石潭记》）
B.巡城遇之至之市（《郑人买履》）
C.遂焚烧其车其真无马耶（《马说》）
D.乃遍游江浙乃不知有汉（《桃花源记》）
12.翻译句子。（6分）
（1）此车岂复堪宰相坐耶？
（2）山水之乐，得之心寓之酒也。（《醉翁亭记》）
（3）苟全性命于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯。（《出师表》）
13.这段文字主要记叙了什么事？表现谢御史的什么品格？
（三）阅读下文，完成14-17题。(16分)
房间里的大象刘瑜
①"房间里的大象"，在英文里，意指所有那些触目惊心地存在却被明目张胆地忽略甚至否定的事实或者感受，就是那些"我们知道，但是我们清楚地知道自己不该知道"的事。
②有些时候，沉默也许是起源于善意和礼貌，比如和一个口吃的人聊天，我们假装注意不到他的口吃。有些时候，人们害怕权力，害怕高压，害怕失去眼前的利益，于是沉默成了一种自我保护。
③拒绝发声并不奇怪，因为发声不但需要勇气，而且意味着承担。比如，谈论全球变暖意味着我们要去寻找解决问题的方案，意味着我们可能要选择不买车、少开暖气和空调、刻意节约用水。所以为了逃避责任和不安，还是不谈这些为好。但是大象并不会因为你不谈论而消失，全球还会继续变暖┄┄
④沉默的人越多，打破沉默就越难---因为当越来越多的人卷入沉默的漩涡，从这个漩涡中挣脱出来需要的力气就越大。面对第一个站出来大喊"屋子里有大象"的人，人们往往不会顺着他的手指去看有没有一只大象，而是怒斥他为什么吵醒了自己的好梦。房间里的大象就这样在"合群"的人们中越长越大。
⑤随着大象越长越大，它被戳破的可能性也随之加大--因为随着大象越来越大，掩盖这只大象所花费的成本也会越来越高，并且，目击者的增多也意味着出现"叛徒"的可能性在增大。
⑥直视我们生活中的沉默，直视生活中不被阳光照耀的角落和我们自己的软弱。
14.将《房间里的大象》与《皇帝的新装》联系起来思考，回答问题。（4分）
（1）"我的老天爷！"他想。"难道我是一个愚蠢的人吗？我从来没有怀疑过我自己。我决不能让人知道这件事。难道我不称职吗？不成！我决不能让人知道我看不见布料。"
"老大臣"为什么有这种心态？在《房间里的大象》摘录一句话解答。（2分）
（2）"随着大象越长越大，它被戳破的可能性也随之加大"。
概括出《皇帝的新装》中能证明这句话的情节。（2分）
15.第段主要运用了什么论证方法？联系本段内容简要说明这种方法的作用。（4分）
16.用自己的话概括本文测中心论点。（不超过10个字，3分）
17.生活中"房间里的大象"并不少见，请你举一个例子，并谈谈自己对此的看法。（80-100字，5分）
（四）阅读下文，完成18-21题。（17分）
冲进风暴逃生[美]米歇尔史密斯文
莎拉四岁的时候，妈妈就去世了。她的爸爸是一个渔民，买不起房子，莎拉只好在小小的渔船上长大。
到了上学的年龄，爸爸打鱼挣的钱只够生活，交不起学费，她只好依旧住在船上，还要忍受孩子们的嘲笑。
海港里渔船很多，渔民们都是日出打鱼，日落而息。一天傍晚,爸爸在船舱里喝着酒，莎拉自己坐在船头，看管着爸爸打到的一些鲑鱼。忽然，莎拉看到海平面上腾起山一样高的乌云，风也渐渐大了，船随着波浪摇晃起来。
莎拉从小到大还从没看到这样凶猛的风暴，赶忙扶着栏杆跌跌撞撞地跑进船舱，喊着：
"爸爸，快醒醒。"
"什么事？"她的爸爸摇了摇酒瓶，嘴里咕哝着问。
"爸爸，暴风雨要来了，咱们上岸躲躲吧。"
"管它呢。"
她抓着爸爸的肩头摇着他，爸爸的头撞在船帮上，他叫了起来你到底要干什么？"
"爸爸，咱们走吧，这次的风特别大。"
爸爸终于醒了酒，他出了船舱,乌云已经压了下来，狂风卷着巨浪冲了过来。
"爸爸，你在干什么？"
"莎拉，要是咱们不把船驶离码头，大风就会把它吹到码头或礁石上。我们必须出海,这样才能保住船，活下去。"
就这样，这条小船一头扎进暴风雨里，浪涛一下下撞击着船帮，莎拉吓得紧紧抱着爸爸，他正在掌舵控制着船，向着大海吼了一声："我们能战胜你。"
在他们的头顶上方，黑云翻滚着；在他们前方，狂风卷着黑色的巨浪迎面扑来，浪尖上泛着白色的水沫，劈头盖脸地打在他们身上。莎拉的脚下一滑，险些摔倒,她吓得尖叫一声。爸爸一手握着轮舵，腾出另一只手拉住了女儿。
就这样，他们熬过几个钟头,风小了很多，海浪也平静下来,天开始变晴。父女二人仍然握着手安慰对方。
他们开始掉转船头，驶向岸边。回到港湾后，四处一片狼藉。木架搭起的码头不见了，几十条渔船漂被撞得千疮百孔。
只有莎拉和爸爸的船安然无恙。
莎拉抱着爸爸说："爸爸，你是个英雄。"
"我不是英雄。"爸爸握住她的手，"莎拉，是你救了我们。"
"爸爸。"她激动得流下眼泪，"我们一起战胜了暴风雨。"
（选自《贴别关注》2012年11期）
18.紧扣两个加点词，联系相关内容，说说"爸爸"精神状态的变化。（4分）
"什么事？"她的爸爸摇了摇酒瓶，嘴里咕哝着问┄┄他正在掌舵控制着船，向着大海吼了一声："我们能战胜你。"
19.文中画线的景物描写有什么作用？（4分）
20.能够逃脱这次灾难，"莎拉"起来什么作用？（4分）
21.从情节和主题两方面，谈谈你对"冲进风暴逃生"理解。（5分）
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三、作文（60+3分）
22.题目：渐至佳境
【渐至佳境】比喻兴味逐渐浓厚或境况逐渐好转。
知识越学越有趣，乐曲越弹越流畅，风光越赏越美妙，作品越读越精彩，与人相处越来越和谐，对镜微笑越来越自信┄┄
成长中，谁都有过姿态不断调整，认识不断深化，领悟逐步加深，境界逐步提升的经历。
要求：（1）自选文体（诗歌除外），写一篇不少于600字的文章。（2）感情真挚，不得抄袭。（3）文中不得出现真实的人名、校名、地名。（4）书写分3分，请认真书写。
英文版：
On this page, you can timely understand the language information of 2013 high school entrance examination.
Chinese test questions for junior high school graduation and entrance examination in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province in 2013
I. accumulation and utilization
1. In the following paragraph, the group with correct phonetic notation is (2 points)
"Yangzhou Eight monsters", abandoning the tedious, simple and pure, and creating a (P ì) atmosphere: Zheng Xie's "bamboo and stone painting" is very dense and attractive; Jinnong's "ink bamboo painting" is written in calligraphy and elegant; Li Yu's "bamboo shoot painting" is skillful in writing and full of business; however, this is due to the lacklustre painting style of M í at that time In contrast, it played the prelude to the magnificent revival of Chinese painting.
A.①②⑤B.③④⑦C.①⑥⑧D.②③⑧
2. In the following sentences, the correct use of the dotted words is (2 points)
A. the eye of the quality supervision personnel can always make the fake products in deliberate disguise show their original shape at once.
B. Lincoln, Chinese partner and other excellent films have been released one after another. It's really you who have finished singing and I'm on the stage.
C. some Japanese politicians have made a great fuss about the history of aggression, which has seriously hurt the feelings of the Asian people.
D. Bayern beat Dortmund to win the Champions League, the news was immediately spread by Bayern fans.
In the following sentences, the correct punctuation is (2 points)
After reading "how steel is made", I feel that the mission of life is so solemn and urgent.
B. Mencius said, "when the axe and the catty go into the mountains and forests.". That is to say, logging should be carried out at the right time, not indiscriminately.
C. homestead, a warm and affectionate word, is based on good interpersonal relationships.
Many things have filled my heart: plants, birds and animals, clouds and so on, which have become eternal in my heart.
4. In the following sentences, there is no language fault (2 points)
A. in the hot summer season, the school once again issued that we should not swim in strange waters, let alone go swimming alone.
Good reading, reading good books, forming a habit, you can walk with wisdom, and get along with noble day and night.
C. whether a person can restrain his words and deeds depends not only on strict discipline, but also on his own moral cultivation.
D. even if you exercise for an hour every day, health and happiness can accompany you all your life, because good physique is the premise of success.
5. One of the following statements about the content and common sense of literary works is not completely correct (3 points)
A. the language of Lu Xun's works is dignified, pungent and fresh. The themes are usually profound. For example, novels like Kong Yiji and hometown focus on the miserable people at the bottom.
B. literature focuses on human nature. The merchant of Venice reveals Shylock's ruthlessness, love of life eulogizes the tenacious pioneering spirit of gold diggers, and the adventures of Tom Sawyer praises the innocence and simplicity of children.
C. Su Shi is a representative of the "bold and unconstrained school" in the Northern Song Dynasty. He wrote many majestic words, as well as many fresh and fresh style words, such as "LANYA short immersion stream under the Sand Mountain in Huanxi", which depicts the fresh and beautiful scenery after the rain and expresses the philosophy of life.
D. although most fairy tales are short, they do not hinder their thoughts. For example, Tolstoy's "seven diamonds" shows a broad love.
6. Write Chinese characters according to Pinyin. (write in block letters in the field, 4 points)
Influenced by culture, Xihu has been living in the hearts of generations of people. In everyone's mind, she is a graceful image, a poem about w? N, and a moonlight like smoke and dream.
7. Write from memory. (1 point for each space, 9 points in total)
(1) picking chrysanthemums under the East fence. (drinking by Tao Yuanming)
（2）____________ The wind is hanging. (Wang Wan's second Beigu mountain)
(3) the desert is full of smoke. (Wang Wei's envoy to the frontier)
（4）___________ The flowers and trees in the Zen room are deep. (Chang Jian's title of the Buddhist temple behind the broken mountain temple)
(5) there is no alternative but to drop the flowers. (Yan Shu's Huanxi sand)
（6）__________________ It's not as good as harmony. (Mencius)
(7) black hair doesn't know how to study early. (Yan Zhenqing's persuading students)
(8) looking up at the bright moon in the night sky, we can recite the words in a soft voice_________________ ，__________________ ", for the distant relatives blessing, that moment, you are no longer lonely. (to be filled in with the famous sentences in Su Shi's "when will the bright moon appear at the beginning of a water melody song)"
8. Chinese practice activities. (9 points)
[activity 1] taste famous works. (4 points)
(1) scholar Hu Shi said: "a journey to the west can make people smile, and this smile will" humanize "the myth. "
Let's take another example of immortals and Demons having human nature. (2 points)
Example: Monkey King is proud and arrogant. You see, he often brags about himself.
"Your emperor's surname is song, so is my brother. You can't be emperor, brother? You don't want to offend the black father. At any rate, kill all the officials who wrote the imperial edict! "
Who said that? From this sentence we can see what kind of character he has? (2 points)
Name (or nickname)______________ Personality characteristics:_________________
[activity 2] at the graduation party, Xiao Gang prepared to sing "friends, don't cry". But when the music started, he was nervous and forgot his words. If you were the host, what would you say to help him out? (3 points)
You said, "you said," you're not going to be able to do that. "
[activity 3] please complete the title in the space. (2 points)
The rapid development of 3D printing technology. Scientists in the United States used a 3D printer to print a pair of plastic robotic arms directly, enabling a two-year-old girl's disabled arm to move normally. Not long ago, a 25-year-old college student in the United States used 3D printing technology to create a lethal pistol. The US government plans to build a number of 3D printing research centers dedicated to the military, causing public concern.
2. Reading comprehension (54 points)
Read the poem and complete question 9. (6 points)
Village night Bai Juyi
Frost grass cangcangcang cut, the village south, the North pedestrian must.
The moon is bright and buckwheat flowers are like snow.
(1) in the first sentence, the reduplicated words "cangcangcang" and "Qiqie" are used? (3 points)
(2) please describe the scene of "the moon is bright and buckwheat flowers are like snow", and point out the feelings of the poet contained in this sentence. (3 points)
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(2) read classical Chinese and complete 10-13 questions. (15 questions)
Shu Xie Yushi [Qing Dynasty] Wu Minshu
Mr. Xie Xiangquan, who is a member of the imperial historian of Chu, is also a member of Mr. Xie Xiangquan. At the end of the reign of Emperor Qianlong, the prime minister and the prime minister were in power. There are pet slaves often take the car to get out, people avoid it, do not dare to question. Mr. Zhang is the imperial censor. When he visited the city, he was angry and ordered to die. He repeatedly said "dare to flog me! I take my main car, you dare to flog me! "My husband was so angry that he flogged the slave and burned his car. He said, "this car is no longer fit for the prime minister! "In the nine QUS, people gathered to watch, cheered and said," this is a good imperial censor! "He hated him. He cut off his nationality to return to his hometown. Mr. Zhang's article is famous for a time. He likes mountains and waters, and he travels all over Jiangsu and Zhejiang. When he arrives, people strive to be welcomed with clogs. Drinking, poetry, the name is higher, the world's people, are known as "burning car imperial history.". He Yuzhu, the official Department of Lang to die.
[note] Jiuqu (Q ú): a road extending in all directions. Qi: bamboo stick. Clogs: shoes for mountaineering.
Explain the notional words in the following sentences. (4 points)
(1) Mo Ganjie (2) ordered the soldiers to drag down the slaves
(3) you dare to flog me! (4) To cut off one's status in order to return
(2 points)
A. There are pet slaves who often take the vehicle to get out of the rolling stone bottom (the story of the little stone pond)
B. visiting the city and meeting the city
C. so he burned his chariot, and there was no Mayer
D. travel all over Jiangsu and Zhejiang without knowing Han
12. Translate sentences. (6 points)
(1) is this car suitable for the prime minister?
(2) the pleasure of mountains and rivers is the wine of the heart. (the story of drunken Weng Pavilion)
(3) to devote all his life to the troubled times, not to seek knowledge from the princes. (a list of teachers)
13. What is the main story of this passage? What is the character of Xie Yushi?
(3) read the following and complete questions 14-17. (16 points)
Liu Yu, the elephant in the room
"Elephant in the room", in English, refers to all the facts or feelings that are startlingly existing but are blatantly ignored or even denied, that is to say, "we know, but we clearly know that we should not know".
Sometimes, silence may originate from kindness and politeness, such as chatting with a stutterer, and we pretend not to notice his stuttering. Sometimes, people are afraid of power, high pressure and loss of immediate interests, so silence becomes a kind of self-protection.
(3) it is not surprising to refuse to speak, for it requires courage and commitment. For example, talking about global warming means that we have to look for solutions. It means that we may choose not to buy a car, drive less heating and air conditioning, and deliberately save water. Therefore, in order to avoid responsibility and anxiety, it is better not to talk about these. But elephants don't disappear because you don't talk about it. The world will continue to warm
(4) the more people are silent, the harder it is to break the silence --- because when more and more people are involved in the whirlpool of silence, the more strength it takes to break out of the vortex. In the face of the first person to stand up and shout "there is an elephant in the room", people often don't follow his fingers to see if there is an elephant. Instead, they scold him for waking up his good dream. In this way, the elephant in the room grows bigger and bigger among the crowd.
(5) as the elephant grows bigger and bigger, the possibility of it being punctured increases because as the elephant grows larger, the cost of covering up the elephant will be higher and higher, and the increase of witnesses also means that the possibility of "traitor" is increasing.
Look directly at the silence in our life, the corner which is not illuminated by the sun and our own weakness.
14. Connect the elephant in the room with the emperor's new clothes and answer the questions. (4 points)
(1) "my God! "He thought. "Am I a fool? I never doubted myself. I must not let it be known. Am I not competent? No! I must not let people know that I can't see the cloth. "
